http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:FOXP2 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A9UCM3 ^@ Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Nucleus http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:IFNG ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/O77763 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit|||Tissue Specificity ^@ Belongs to the type II (or gamma) interferon family.|||Homodimer. Interacts with IFNGR1 (via extracellular domain); this interaction promotes IFNGR1 dimerization.|||Released primarily from activated T lymphocytes.|||Secreted|||Type II interferon produced by immune cells such as T-cells and NK cells that plays crucial roles in antimicrobial, antiviral, and antitumor responses by activating effector immune cells and enhancing antigen presentation. Primarily signals through the JAK-STAT pathway after interaction with its receptor IFNGR1 to affect gene regulation. Upon IFNG binding, IFNGR1 intracellular domain opens out to allow association of downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1 and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation and transcription of IFNG-regulated genes. Many of the induced genes are transcription factors such as IRF1 that are able to further drive regulation of a next wave of transcription. Plays a role in class I antigen presentation pathway by inducing a replacement of catalytic proteasome subunits with immunoproteasome subunits. In turn, increases the quantity, quality, and repertoire of peptides for class I MHC loading. Increases the efficiency of peptide generation also by inducing the expression of activator PA28 that associates with the proteasome and alters its proteolytic cleavage preference. Up-regulates as well MHC II complexes on the cell surface by promoting expression of several key molecules such as cathepsins B/CTSB, H/CTSH, and L/CTSL (By similarity). Participates in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cells during development and under homeostatic conditions by affecting their development, quiescence, and differentiation (By similarity). http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106821781 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/C1K8V9 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the cathelicidin family.|||Secreted http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LYZ ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A2K9YV04 ^@ Function|||Similarity ^@ Belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase 22 family.|||Lysozymes have primarily a bacteriolytic function; those in tissues and body fluids are associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhance the activity of immunoagents. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:JCHAIN ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0DUB2 ^@ Function|||PTM|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ N-glycosylated. N-glycans attached to Asn-72 varies from truncated, differentially fucosylated to sialylated (NeuGc) complex types: Man3GlcNAc2; GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2(Fuc); Gal1GlcNAc1Man3GlcNAc2; GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2; GlcNAc1Man3GlcNAc2; GlcNAc1Man2GlcNAc2 and NeuGc1Gal1GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2.|||Part of the secretory IgA (sIgA) complex that consists of two, four or five IgA monomers, and two additional non-Ig polypeptides, namely the JCHAIN and the secretory component (the proteoytic product of PIGR).|||Secreted|||Serves to link two monomer units of either IgM or IgA. In the case of IgM, the J chain-joined dimer is a nucleating unit for the IgM pentamer, and in the case of IgA it induces dimers and/or larger polymers. It also helps to bind these immunoglobulins to secretory component. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:SRY ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A9LLK1 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the SRY family.|||Cytoplasm|||Interacts with CALM, EP300, HDAC3, KPNB1, ZNF208 isoform KRAB-O, PARP1, SLC9A3R2 and WT1. The interaction with EP300 modulates its DNA-binding activity. The interaction with KPNB1 is sensitive to dissociation by Ran in the GTP-bound form. Interaction with PARP1 impaired its DNA-binding activity.|||Nucleus speckle|||Transcriptional regulator that controls a genetic switch in male development. It is necessary and sufficient for initiating male sex determination by directing the development of supporting cell precursors (pre-Sertoli cells) as Sertoli rather than granulosa cells. Involved in different aspects of gene regulation including promoter activation or repression. Binds to the DNA consensus sequence 5'-[AT]AACAA[AT]-3'. SRY HMG box recognizes DNA by partial intercalation in the minor groove and promotes DNA bending. Also involved in pre-mRNA splicing (By similarity). In male adult brain involved in the maintenance of motor functions of dopaminergic neurons. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106836783 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A0M4MJU6 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the protamine P2 family.|||Interacts with TDRP.|||Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:TNP1 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A0M3TBA7 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the nuclear transition protein 1 family.|||Nucleus http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106838387 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A4ZZ60 ^@ Similarity ^@ Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:CAPN1 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A650BPW9 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the peptidase C2 family.|||Cell membrane|||Cytoplasm|||Membrane http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106835119 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/B7VGF9 ^@ Function|||PTM|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Tissue Specificity ^@ Belongs to the alpha-casein family.|||Important role in the capacity of milk to transport calcium phosphate.|||Mammary gland specific. Secreted in milk.|||Secreted|||There are at least three different forms found in milk, with varying degrees of phosphorylation. These include form 10-P which is phosphorylated at ten sites that have not been determined, form 11-P which is phosphorylated at eleven sites and form 12-P which is phosphorylated at twelve sites. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:ALB ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q5XLE4 ^@ Function|||PTM|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit|||Tissue Specificity ^@ Belongs to the ALB/AFP/VDB family.|||Binds water, Ca(2+), Na(+), K(+), fatty acids, hormones, bilirubin and drugs. Its main function is the regulation of the colloidal osmotic pressure of blood. Major zinc transporter in plasma, typically binds about 80% of all plasma zinc (By similarity). Major calcium and magnesium transporter in plasma, binds approximately 45% of circulating calcium and magnesium in plasma (By similarity). Potentially has more than two calcium-binding sites and might additionally bind calcium in a non-specific manner (By similarity). The shared binding site between zinc and calcium at residue Asp-272 suggests a crosstalk between zinc and calcium transport in the blood (By similarity). The rank order of affinity is zinc > calcium > magnesium (By similarity). Binds to the bacterial siderophore enterobactin and inhibits enterobactin-mediated iron uptake of E.coli from ferric transferrin, and may thereby limit the utilization of iron and growth of enteric bacteria such as E.coli (By similarity). Does not prevent iron uptake by the bacterial siderophore aerobactin (By similarity).|||Interacts with FCGRT; this interaction regulates ALB homeostasis (By similarity). Interacts with TASOR (By similarity). In plasma, occurs in a covalently-linked complex with chromophore-bound alpha-1-microglobulin; this interaction does not prevent fatty acid binding to ALB.|||Phosphorylated by FAM20C in the extracellular medium.|||Plasma.|||Secreted http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:GJB6 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/G8Z9I5 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins.|||Belongs to the connexin family.|||Cell membrane|||Membrane|||One gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell.|||gap junction http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:TLR4 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/G9J1Q6 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the Toll-like receptor family.|||Membrane http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:B2M ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q861S3 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the beta-2-microglobulin family.|||Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system (By similarity).|||Heterodimer of an alpha chain and a beta chain. Beta-2-microglobulin is the beta-chain of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules (By similarity).|||Secreted http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:CAST ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A650BPW2 ^@ Function|||Similarity ^@ Belongs to the protease inhibitor I27 (calpastatin) family.|||Specific inhibition of calpain (calcium-dependent cysteine protease). Plays a key role in postmortem tenderization of meat and have been proposed to be involved in muscle protein degradation in living tissue. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:PIGR ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P0DUB1 ^@ Domain|||Function|||PTM|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ Cell membrane|||Either free or part of the secretory IgA (sIgA) complex that consists of two, four or five IgA monomers, and two additional non-Ig polypeptides, namely the JCHAIN and the secretory component (the proteolytic product of PIGR). Free secretory component interacts with bacterial antigens toxA of C. difficile and eae of E. coli.|||Interacts (mainly via CDR1-like domain) with dimeric IgA. Interacts (mainly via CDR2-like domain) with pentameric IgM.|||Mediates selective transcytosis of polymeric IgA and IgM across mucosal epithelial cells. Binds polymeric IgA and IgM at the basolateral surface of epithelial cells. The complex is then transported across the cell to be secreted at the apical surface. During this process, a cleavage occurs that separates the extracellular (known as the secretory component) from the transmembrane segment.|||N-glycosylated. Carries predominantly biantennary complex type glycans which are largely non-fucosylated. Sialylation with NeuAc is common, except for Asn-291 which carries exclusively high mannose glycans. N-glycans attached to Asn-83: Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2; Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2(Fuc); Gal1GlcNAc1Man4GlcNAc2(Fuc); Gal1GlcNAc1Man3GlcNAc2; Gal1GlcNAc1Man4GlcNAc2 and NeuAc1Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2. N-glycans attached to Asn-135: Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2; Gal1GlcNAc1Man3GlcNAc2 and NeuAc1Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2. N-glycans attached to Asn-291: Man5-8GlcNAc2. N-glycans attached to Asn-423: NeuAc1Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2. N-glycans attached to Asn-530: Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2; Gal1GlcNAc1Man3GlcNAc2 and NeuAc1Gal2GlcNAc2Man3GlcNAc2. N-glycosylation is required for anchoring IgA molecules to mucus but is not necessary for Ig binding.|||Secreted|||The Ig-like V-type 1/D1 domain contains three complementarity determining region-like loops CDR1-3, which mediate interaction with IgA and IgM.|||Through its N-linked glycans ensures anchoring of secretory IgA (sIgA) molecules to mucus lining the epithelial surface to neutralize extracellular pathogens. On its own (free form) may act as a non-specific microbial scavenger to prevent pathogen interaction with epithelial cells. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:MIF ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/B8Y401 ^@ Similarity ^@ Belongs to the MIF family. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:ADSL ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A0A8K1X2X4 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the lyase 1 family. Adenylosuccinate lyase subfamily.|||Catalyzes two non-sequential steps in de novo AMP synthesis: converts (S)-2-(5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamido)succinate (SAICAR) to fumarate plus 5-amino-1-(5-phospho-D-ribosyl)imidazole-4-carboxamide, and thereby also contributes to de novo IMP synthesis, and converts succinyladenosine monophosphate (SAMP) to AMP and fumarate.|||Homotetramer. Residues from neighboring subunits contribute catalytic and substrate-binding residues to each active site. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106829744 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/P68097 ^@ Function|||Miscellaneous|||PTM|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the cytochrome c family.|||Binds 1 heme c group covalently per subunit.|||Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.|||Mitochondrion intermembrane space|||Mules and hinnies are heterozygous, having equal amount of horse and donkey cytochromes c.|||Phosphorylation at Tyr-49 and Tyr-98 both reduce by half the turnover in the reaction with cytochrome c oxidase, down-regulating mitochondrial respiration.|||Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases (By similarity). http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:LOC106847681 ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A1YSI3 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the prion family.|||Cell membrane|||Golgi apparatus|||Membrane http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:PRND ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/A3RD50 ^@ Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation ^@ Belongs to the prion family.|||Cell membrane|||Membrane http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:CGA ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q28365 ^@ Function|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the glycoprotein hormones subunit alpha family.|||Heterodimer. The active hormones thyrotropin, lutropin and follitropin are heterodimers composed of CGA, a common alpha chain described here and a unique beta chain which confers their biological specificity to the hormones: TSHB for thyrotropin, LHB for lutropin and FSHB for follitropin.|||Secreted|||Shared alpha chain of the active heterodimeric glycoprotein hormones thyrotropin/thyroid stimulating hormone/TSH, lutropin/luteinizing hormone/LH and follitropin/follicle stimulating hormone/FSH. These hormones bind specific receptors on target cells that in turn activate downstream signaling pathways. http://togogenome.org/gene/9793:FSHR ^@ http://purl.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q95179 ^@ Function|||PTM|||Similarity|||Subcellular Location Annotation|||Subunit ^@ Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor 1 family. FSH/LSH/TSH subfamily.|||Cell membrane|||G protein-coupled receptor for follitropin, the follicle-stimulating hormone. Through cAMP production activates the downstream PI3K-AKT and ERK1/ERK2 signaling pathways.|||Homotrimer. Functions as a homotrimer binding the FSH hormone heterodimer composed of CGA and FSHB (By similarity). Interacts with ARRB2 (By similarity). Interacts with APPL2; interaction is independent of follicle stimulating hormone stimulation (By similarity).|||N-glycosylated; indirectly required for FSH-binding, possibly via a conformational change that allows high affinity binding of hormone.|||Sulfated.